{"id":5705,"date":"2024-04-30T13:29:21","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T13:29:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/?p=5705"},"modified":"2024-06-08T15:39:37","modified_gmt":"2024-06-08T15:39:37","slug":"damascus-car-and-bus-station-2nd-prize","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/damascus-car-and-bus-station-2nd-prize\/","title":{"rendered":"Damascus Car and Bus Station &#8211; 2nd prize"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5705\" class=\"elementor elementor-5705\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-16e27fe5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16e27fe5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-443a3cf9\" data-id=\"443a3cf9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dc2ed6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7dc2ed6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) 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class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68931172 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"68931172\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Damascus Car and Bus Station - 2nd prize<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9474c63 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9474c63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7fb1dc\" data-id=\"c7fb1dc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29215017 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"29215017\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1024x630.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5708\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-768x472.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1536x945.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-500x308.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-800x492.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1280x787.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1.jpg 1756w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aeabdaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5aeabdaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Architect: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/abd-al-rauf-al-kasm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm<\/a><br \/><\/strong>Year: <strong>1967<br \/><\/strong><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; color: var(--bs-body-color); font-family: var(--bs-body-font-family);\">City: <\/span><strong style=\"font-style: inherit; color: var(--bs-body-color); font-family: var(--bs-body-font-family);\">Damascus, Syria<br \/><\/strong>Building use: <b>Infrastructure<br \/><\/b>Status:<strong> Competition proposal<br \/><\/strong>Team:<strong> &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f37a735 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1f37a735\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/3gf6phxd8f4VvUQh6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon elementor-align-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-map-marker-alt\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\"><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f4bcc81\" data-id=\"1f4bcc81\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d37056d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5d37056d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-185f1c1a\" data-id=\"185f1c1a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-161a0e97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"161a0e97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Damascus Car and Bus Station project, announced through an architectural competition in 1967, aimed to establish a central transportation hub in the heart of the city, the Baramkeh area. <strong>The second prize<\/strong> in the competition was awarded to the Syrian architect Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm.<em><strong><sup>01<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Al-Kasm\u2019s proposed form consisted of three radiating branches that interlocked in a triangular core. These branched polygons were generated from the multiplication and superimposition of the base module, a triangular unit with sides of 4.5 meters. Each branch rotated at a 120-degree angle from the next.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em><strong><sup>02<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u00a0The northwestern branch, situated as it was away from traffic and noise, was ideal for the five-story hotel. The remainder of the structure was set to house the station, which in turn consisted of two floors and was connected to the hotel by an arcade that completes the branched form of the cluster.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em><strong><sup>03<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>The ground floor<\/strong> of the station featured essential functions outlined in the competition program, including a market, a praying hall, retail shops, and docks for cars and buses. <strong>The first floor<\/strong> contained the administration offices, a restaurant, and platforms for loading luggage on bus roofs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-558982be elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-id=\"558982be\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-534a8f60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"534a8f60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><sup>01\u00a0\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/em>(\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1967.)\u00a0 \u00a0 [Elias Chahine, Damascus Car and Bus Station Construction Competition Proposals, The Arab Engineer, September 1967.]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>02\u00a0\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/em>[Ibid.]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>03 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>According to Elias Chahine, who was a member of the jury, this was the only proposal that presented this type of connection between the hotel and the station.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-57321354 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57321354\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bcbad88\" data-id=\"4bcbad88\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c9380fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c9380fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each branch in the structure served an independent function, but the branches were interconnected through the central entry space.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to it being adjacent to University Street (one of the important streets in Damascus), the western branch of the station was allocated for passenger entry and exit as well as small vehicle parking. The unloading docks for buses and cars were located in the northeastern branch, which was linked to the northern street entrance. In the southeastern branch, there were parking spaces and loading docks for cars and buses leaving through the eastern street heading towards Quneitra, Beirut, Daraa, and Aleppo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This design ensured the continuous movement of cars in a single uninterrupted direction, streamlining their flow from the northern street toward passenger arrival docks, where cars unload passengers and their luggage before proceeding to repair shops and parking spaces, afterwards they head to departure docks to pick up departing passengers and exit into the eastern street.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32a74c33 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32a74c33\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-40effa82\" data-id=\"40effa82\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-22ef066c\" data-id=\"22ef066c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c6bb2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5c6bb2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-41cc8517\" data-id=\"41cc8517\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-579f6cda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"579f6cda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Separating pedestrians from bus traffic was at the forefront when designing the station. even arriving and departing passengers were separated into distinct routes starting from the main entrance, routes which were designed with securing the arrival and departure of luggage in mind.<em><strong><sup>04<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The two floors of the station were clearly reflected in the main facade, divided into two horizontal parts: the lower part featured a repetition of glass panels, while the upper part showcased a row of vertical aluminum sunshades and regularly repeated frames.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2015c942 elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-id=\"2015c942\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31947dde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31947dde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><sup>04 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a.&#8221;\u00a0 [Chahine, \u201cDamascus Car and Bus Station Construction Competition Proposals.\u201d]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>05\u00a0 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>[Ibid.]<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-26c2662d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"26c2662d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-269cb155\" data-id=\"269cb155\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-478199d2\" data-id=\"478199d2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e29f22c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e29f22c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-105d44e3\" data-id=\"105d44e3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48b0566c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48b0566c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The competition jury applauded the design of this proposal for providing varied, unobstructed views of the structure from every possible vantage point.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> <em><strong><sup>05<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46de9a27 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46de9a27\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-544b8a83\" data-id=\"544b8a83\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d1f80e7 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d1f80e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><sup>01\u00a0\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/em>(\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1967.)\u00a0 \u00a0 [Elias Chahine, Damascus Car and Bus Station Construction Competition Proposals, The Arab Engineer, September 1967.]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>02\u00a0\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/em>[Ibid.]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>03 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>According to Elias Chahine, who was a member of the jury, this was the only proposal that presented this type of connection between the hotel and the station.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>04 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a.&#8221;\u00a0 [Chahine, \u201cDamascus Car and Bus Station Construction Competition Proposals.\u201d]<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><sup>05\u00a0 <\/sup><\/strong><\/em>[Ibid.]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74aebc39 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74aebc39\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e799497\" data-id=\"6e799497\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-745a31f gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"745a31f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.14.0 - 26-06-2023 *\/\n.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item{display:inline-block;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;width:100%;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item img{margin:0 auto}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-item .gallery-caption{margin:0}.elementor-image-gallery figure img{display:block}.elementor-image-gallery figure figcaption{width:100%}.gallery-spacing-custom .elementor-image-gallery .gallery-icon{padding:0}@media (min-width:768px){.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-2 .gallery-item{max-width:50%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-3 .gallery-item{max-width:33.33%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-4 .gallery-item{max-width:25%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-5 .gallery-item{max-width:20%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-6 .gallery-item{max-width:16.666%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-7 .gallery-item{max-width:14.28%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-8 .gallery-item{max-width:12.5%}.elementor-image-gallery .gallery-columns-9 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.gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-5 .gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-6 .gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-7 .gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-8 .gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-9 .gallery-item,.elementor-image-gallery .gallery.gallery-columns-10 .gallery-item{max-width:100%}}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-5705 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"745a31f\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Damascus Car and Bus Station_Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm_general perspec\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"general perspective | 35.1*17.6 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 73\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTcwOCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5hbWFzeXJpYS5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA0XC9BTUFTeXJpYV9SRUZfbTAybjAyMV8wOTE5NjdfUEc3M19maWcxLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6Ijc0NWEzMWYifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" src=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-300x185.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-5708\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-768x472.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1536x945.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-500x308.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-800x492.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1-1280x787.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG73_fig1.jpg 1756w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-5708'>\n\t\t\t\tgeneral perspective | 35.1*17.6 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 73\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"745a31f\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Damascus Car and Bus Station_Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm_site plan with\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"site plan with circulation | 19.4*17.7 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 71\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTcwNiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5hbWFzeXJpYS5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA0XC9BTUFTeXJpYV9SRUZfbTAybjAyMV8wOTE5NjdfUEc3MV9maWcxLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6Ijc0NWEzMWYifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-300x291.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-5706\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-300x291.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-1024x994.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-768x745.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-500x485.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1-800x776.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG71_fig1.jpg 1113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-5706'>\n\t\t\t\tsite plan with circulation | 19.4*17.7 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 71\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"745a31f\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Damascus Car and Bus Station_Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm_ground floor pl\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"ground floor plan | 20.4*18.8 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 74\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTcwOSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5hbWFzeXJpYS5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA0XC9BTUFTeXJpYV9SRUZfbTAybjAyMV8wOTE5NjdfUEc3NF9maWcxLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6Ijc0NWEzMWYifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-300x291.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-5709\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-300x291.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-1024x994.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-768x745.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-500x485.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1-800x776.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG74_fig1.jpg 1113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-5709'>\n\t\t\t\tground floor plan | 20.4*18.8 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 74\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"745a31f\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Damascus Car and Bus Station_Abd Al-Rauf Al-Kasm_section AA and\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"section AA and southern elevation of the main building | 29.4*3.4 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 72\" 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https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-768x277.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-1536x554.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-2048x739.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-18x6.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-500x180.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-800x288.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-1280x462.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/AMASyria_REF_m02n021_091967_PG72_fig1-1920x692.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-5707'>\n\t\t\t\tsection AA and southern elevation of the main building | 29.4*3.4 | The Arab Engineer magazine, issue 21, September 1967, 72\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Damascus Car and Bus Station &#8211; 2nd prize Architect: Abd Al-Rauf Al-KasmYear: 1967City: Damascus, SyriaBuilding use: InfrastructureStatus: Competition proposalTeam: &#8211; The Damascus Car and Bus Station project, announced through an architectural competition in 1967, aimed to establish a central transportation hub in the heart of the city, the Baramkeh area. The second prize in the &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/damascus-car-and-bus-station-2nd-prize\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Damascus Car and Bus Station &#8211; 2nd prize<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5708,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,24],"tags":[99,102,45,27,46,90,91,101],"class_list":["post-5705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cars-and-buses-station-competition","category-projects","tag-1960s","tag-arab-modern-architecture","tag-competition-proposal","tag-damascus","tag-infrastructure","tag-modern-architecture","tag-syria","tag-syrian-architecture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5705"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6945,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5705\/revisions\/6945"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.amasyria.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}